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Soils Plants and Invasion
Plants live in tight associations with microbes who colonize their roots and leaves and surrounding soil. Some microbes are harmful and cause disease while others are beneficial and aid in plant nutrient uptake, decomposition of organic materials, protection against pathogens, tolerance against drought and other stressors. Plants can influence microbial communities and vice versa with consequences for the growth of individual plants, the composition of plant communities, and entire ecosystems. In our work, we focus on three main aspects of plant-microbe interactions; 1) how they may aid or hinder plant invasions, 2) how their function changes across environmental gradients, and 3) how they may both cause and prevent disease in plants.
On MPG Ranch, three highly invasive weeds of contrasting lie history strategies (cheatgrass, knapweed and leafy spurge) co-occur with remnants of native plant vegetation. Using both observational and experimental approaches, we seek to understand how these weeds alter microbial communities and how this influence invasive success, ecosystem properties and restoration. We also collaborate with researchers from across the world to learn if plant-microbe interactions differ between native and invasive ranges and how this correlates with evolutionary shifts in plant genomes and biogeographical distribution of plant associated microbes.
Outcomes of plant-soil microbe interactions depend on the particular plant and fungal species and surrounding environmental conditions. To explore this context-dependency, we use high-throughput sequencing and stable and radioactive isotopes in surveys and experiments to determine if the proportion of fungal guilds (mutualistic mycorrhizal fungi and potential pathogens) change with water and nutrient availability and how these changes relate to plant growth. Because most research occurs in single locations, the generality of findings across locations that differ in environmental conditions is often unknown. To address this, MPG Ranch is part of two global research collaborations, Nutrient Network (https://nutnet.org) and DroughtNet (www.drought-net.org). In these experiments, all researchers apply nutrients, remove herbivores, expose plants to drought, and record responses in both plant and microbial communities using the same protocols, which allow for direct comparisons across sites.
The invasive fungal pathogen, Cronartium ribicola, causes the disease commonly known as blister rust in all nine white pine species native to the United States. As one of the only labs in the world to grow C. ribicola in culture, we perform tests of pathogen metabolism when exposed to compounds produced by other fungi found in white pine needles. Greenhouse experiments inoculating trees with these fungi, as well as beneficial ectomycorrhizal fungi, explore how we can improve tree growth and disease resistance. We also use isotopes and controlled field experiments to determine how blue-stain fungi carried by bark beetles can influence wood decomposition in forest ecosystems. As warming climates increase the frequency of bark beetle outbreaks worldwide, this research will help to better estimate future forest carbon storage and release.
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Milkweed Fungal Associates: Diversity in Soil, Plants and Insects
10-19-15 Butterfly Field Note
Knapweed Competitiveness and Soil Moisture
Bitterroot Wildlife Internship Recap
08-13-15 Butterfly Field Note
05-19-15 Biocrust, Lichen, and Moss Field Note
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- Jeff Clarke (76) Apply Jeff Clarke filter
- Ylva Lekberg (34) Apply Ylva Lekberg filter
- Dan Mummey (28) Apply Dan Mummey filter
- Kate Stone (25) Apply Kate Stone filter
- Rebecca Durham (23) Apply Rebecca Durham filter
- Eric Rasmussen (19) Apply Eric Rasmussen filter
- Prairie Wolfe (18) Apply Prairie Wolfe filter
- Lorinda Bullington (15) Apply Lorinda Bullington filter
- Staff (15) Apply Staff filter
- Beau Larkin (10) Apply Beau Larkin filter
- Jeff Clark (10) Apply Jeff Clark filter
- 22 (8) Apply 22 filter
- Jeffrey Pippen (8) Apply Jeffrey Pippen filter
- Lauren Stoffel (8) Apply Lauren Stoffel filter
- 48 (6) Apply 48 filter
- Debbie Leick (6) Apply Debbie Leick filter
- Mike McTee (5) Apply Mike McTee filter
- Morgan McLeod (5) Apply Morgan McLeod filter
- Nathan Gordon (5) Apply Nathan Gordon filter
- 43 (4) Apply 43 filter
- 3280 (4) Apply 3280 filter
- Yiva Lekberg (4) Apply Yiva Lekberg filter
- Jess Kindred (3) Apply Jess Kindred filter
- Lorinda Hunt (3) Apply Lorinda Hunt filter
- Philip Ramsey (3) Apply Philip Ramsey filter
- Sean Gibbions (3) Apply Sean Gibbions filter
- 40 (2) Apply 40 filter
- 46 (2) Apply 46 filter
- Alanna Shaw (2) Apply Alanna Shaw filter
- Alexii Cornel (2) Apply Alexii Cornel filter
- Kelly LaFlamme (2) Apply Kelly LaFlamme filter
- Philip W. Ramsey (2) Apply Philip W. Ramsey filter
- Dan Mummey, Lauren Stoffel, Teagan Hayes, (1) Apply Dan Mummey, Lauren Stoffel, Teagan Hayes, filter
- Dan Mummy (1) Apply Dan Mummy filter
- Dean Pearson (1) Apply Dean Pearson filter
- Ellen Myers (1) Apply Ellen Myers filter
- Fawn McNeil (1) Apply Fawn McNeil filter
- Jonathan Linch (1) Apply Jonathan Linch filter
- Kyle Jensen (1) Apply Kyle Jensen filter
- Lauren Shreading (1) Apply Lauren Shreading filter
- Mary Ellyn DuPre (1) Apply Mary Ellyn DuPre filter
- Mollie Herget (1) Apply Mollie Herget filter
- Morgan Luce (1) Apply Morgan Luce filter
- Nate Gordon (1) Apply Nate Gordon filter
- Noah Schuettge (1) Apply Noah Schuettge filter
- Rebecca Durham Whithed (1) Apply Rebecca Durham Whithed filter
- Skyler Burrows (1) Apply Skyler Burrows filter
- Ylva Lekberg, Dan Mummey, Mike McTee, Prarie Wolfe, (1) Apply Ylva Lekberg, Dan Mummey, Mike McTee, Prarie Wolfe, filter